ShopNC/Linux服务器部署标准
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基于Linux服务器(基于CentOS的LNMP)。
系统约定[ ]
系统环境初始化[ ]
1. 检查系统是否正常
# more /var/log/messages(检查有无系统级错误信息) # dmesg (检查硬件设备是否有错误信息) # cat /proc/cpuinfo (检查CPU频率是否正常) # top (按1检测CPU核数是否正常,内存大小是否正常) # ifconfig(检查网卡设置是否正确) # ping www.163.com(检查网络是否正常)
2. 关闭不需要的服务
# ntsysv
以下仅列出需要启动的服务,未列出的服务一律推荐关闭:
atd crond irqbalance microcode_ctl network sendmail sshd syslog
关闭SElinux:修改/etc/selinux/config文件中的SELINUX= 为 disabled
3.更换快速源
# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/ # mv CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-Base.repo.old # wget http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/CentOS-Base.repo.5 # mv CentOS-Base.repo.5 CentOS-Base.repo # yum update
4. 使用 yum 程序安装所需开发包(以下为标准的 RPM 包名称)
# yum -y install ntp make openssl openssl-devel pcre pcre-devel libpng libpng-devel libjpeg-6b libjpeg-devel-6b freetype freetype-devel gd gd-devel zlib zlib-devel gcc gcc-c++ libXpm libXpm-devel ncurses ncurses-devel libmcrypt libmcrypt-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel imake autoconf automake screen sysstat compat-libstdc++-33 curl curl-devel
5. 定时校正服务器时钟,定时与中国国家授时中心授时服务器同步
# crontab -e
加入一行:
*/30 * * * * ntpdate 210.72.145.44 > /dev/null 2>&1
6. 下载程序包
请到各程序官方网站下载最新的稳定版本存放到/usr/local/src/目录
- Nginx
当前稳定版0.7.65 http://wiki.nginx.org/NginxChs
- PHP
当前稳定版5.2.13 http://cn.php.net/releases/
- PHP FPM补丁 当前稳定版0.5.14
http://php-fpm.org/downloads/
- Mysql
当前稳定版5.0.86 http://dev.mysql.coml/
- Zend
当前稳定版3.3.3 http://www.zend.com/
- Memcache
当前稳定版2.2.5 http://pecl.php.net/package/memcache
- Memcached
当前稳定版1.4.5 http://memcached.googlecode.com
- Libiconv
当前稳定版1.13.1 http://www.gnu.org/software/libiconv/
- libevent
当前稳定版1.4.13 http://www.monkey.org/~provos/libevent/
文中的配置文件和脚本限于篇幅,请到以下地址下载
- Nginx控制脚本
http://c.sihost.net/jb/nginx
- PHP FPM配置文件
http://c.sihost.net/jb/php-fpm.conf
- Nginx 配置文件
http://c.sihost.net/jb/nginx.conf
- FCGI配置文件
http://c.sihost.net/jb/fcgi.conf
以上列出的程序最新稳定版下载列表
http://c.sihost.net/lnmp_tools.list
在 /usr/local/src目录下执行
- wget
http://c.sihost.net/lnmp_tools.list
wget -i lnmp_tools.list
7. 创建web运行用户
# groupadd www # useradd -g www www # mkdir -p /home/www/wwwroot # chmod +w /home/www/wwwroot # chown www:www /home/www/wwwroot -R
8. 重新启动
# init 6
编译安装环境[ ]
1. 安装MySQL
# cd /usr/local/src # tar zxvf mysql-5.0.86-linux-i686-icc-glibc23.tar.gz # mv mysql-5.0.86-linux-i686-icc-glibc23 /usr/local/ # ln -s /usr/local/mysql-5.0.86-linux-i686-icc-glibc23/ /usr/local/mysql # groupadd mysql # useradd -g mysql mysql -d /home/mysql -s /sbin/nologin # chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql # chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql-5.0.86-linux-i686-icc-glibc23/ # cd /usr/local/mysql # ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql # cp ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld # chmod 755 /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld # chkconfig --add mysqld # chkconfig --level 3 mysqld on # cp ./support-files/my-huge.cnf /etc/my.cnf # mv /usr/local/mysql/data /var/lib/mysql # chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql
编辑/etc/my.cnf
- 在 [mysqld] 段增加
datadir = /var/lib/mysql skip-innodb wait-timeout = 10 max_connections = 512 max_connect_errors = 10000000
- 在 [mysqld] 段修改
max_allowed_packet = 16M thread_cache_size = CPU个数*2
- 将log-bin 注释
service mysqld start # bin/mysqladmin -u root password password
其中红色的password是要设置的root密码
2. 编译安装Nginx
# cd /usr/local/src/ # tar zxvf nginx-0.7.65.tar.gz # cd nginx-0.7.65 # ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --conf-path=/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf --with-http_realip_module --with-http_addition_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_random_index_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_sub_module --with-http_dav_module # make # make install clean # cp /usr/local/src/nginx /etc/init.d/nginx # chmod 755 /etc/init.d/nginx # chkconfig --add nginx # chkconfig nginx on
3. 编译安装PHP 所需的支持库
- Libiconv
# cd /usr/local/src/ # tar zxvf libiconv-1.13.1.tar.gz # cd libiconv-1.13.1/ # ./configure --prefix=/usr/local # make # make install # cd ..
- Libmcrypt
# tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz # cd libmcrypt-2.5.8 # ./configure # make # make install # /sbin/ldconfig # cd libltdl/ # ./configure --enable-ltdl-install # make # make install # cd /usr/local/src/
- Mhash
# tar zxvf mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz # cd mhash-0.9.9.9/ # ./configure # make # make install # cd ..
# ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.la /usr/lib/libmcrypt.la $ ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so $ ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4 $ ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8 # ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.a /usr/lib/libmhash.a # ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.la /usr/lib/libmhash.la # ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so /usr/lib/libmhash.so # ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2 # ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1 $ ln -s /usr/local/bin/libmcrypt-config /usr/bin/libmcrypt-config
# tar zxvf mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz # cd mcrypt-2.6.8 # /sbin/ldconfig # ./configure # make # make install
4. 编译安装PHP
# cd /usr/local/src # tar zxvf php-5.2.13.tar.gz # gzip -cd php-5.2.13-fpm-0.5.14.diff.gz | patch -d php-5.2.13 -p1 # cd php-5.2.13 # ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/etc/cgi --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-iconv-dir=/usr/local --with-freetype-dir=/usr --with-jpeg-dir=/usr --with-png-dir=/usr --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --with-xmlrpc --enable-xml --enable-mbstring --enable-ftp --with-gd --enable-magic-quotes --with-pear --enable-sockets --with-ttf --enable-gd-native-ttf --enable-sysvsem --enable-sysvshm --enable-shmop --enable-force-cgi-redirect --enable-fastcgi --enable-zip --enable-fpm --with-mhash --with-mcrypt --enable-discard-path --enable-bcmath --enable-inline-optimization --with-curl --with-curlwrappers --enable-mbregex --with-openssl # make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv' # make install # mkdir -p /usr/local/etc/cgi/ # cp php.ini-dist /usr/local/etc/cgi/php.ini # mv -f /usr/local/src/php-fpm.conf /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf # echo 'ulimit -SHn 65535' >> /etc/rc.local # echo '/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm start' >> /etc/rc.local
5. 安装PHP扩展模块
- Memcache
# cd /usr/local/src # tar zxvf memcache-2.2.5.tgz # cd memcache-2.2.5/ # /usr/local/php/bin/phpize # ./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config # make # make install
1)修改php.ini文件,路径/usr/local/etc/cgi/
2)查找:extension_dir = "./"
3)修改成:extension_dir = "/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/"
4)在此句下面一行
5)添加:extension = "memcache.so"
6)查找:output_buffering = Off
7)修改成:output_buffering = On
8)保存。
- Memcached
# cd /usr/local/src #tar zxvf libevent-1.4.13-stable.tar.gz # cd libevent-1.4.13-stable # ./configure --prefix=/usr/lib # make # make install # cd ../ # tar zxvf memcached-1.4.5.tar.gz # cd memcached-1.4.5 # ./configure --prefix=/usr/local --with-libevent=/usr/lib/ # make # make install # /usr/local/bin/memcached -d -u www -m 128
- 命令介绍
- -p<num>监听的TCP端口(缺省: 11211)
- -d以守护进程方式运行 以守护进程方式运行 Memcached Memcached
- -u <username>运行运行 Memcached的账户 非root用户
- -m <num>最大的内存使用单位是MB 缺省是64MB
- -c <num>软连接数量缺省是1024
- -v输出警告和错误信息
- -vv打印客户端的请求和返回信息
- -h打印帮助信息
- -i打印memcached和libevent的版权信息
6. 安装ZendOptimizer
# cd .. # tar zxvf ZendOptimizer-3.3.3-linux-glibc23-i386.tar.gz # cd ZendOptimizer-3.3.3-linux-glibc23-i386 # ./install Please specify the location for installing
Zend Optimizer:这里填写Zend的安装路径,按下面写即可
/usr/local/Zend Confirm the location of your
php.ini file:这里填写的是php.ini的路径,按下面写即可
/usr/local/etc/cgi Are you using Apache Web server?
这里选No
7.启动Nginx和PHP
# mv -f /usr/local/src/fcgi.conf /usr/local/nginx/conf/ # cp -f /usr/local/src/nginx.conf /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf # ulimit -SHn 65535 # /usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm start # service nginx start
8.关于安全设置
查找/usr/local/etc/cgi/php.ini里的
; cgi.fix_pathinfo=0
把这句前的分号去掉,变成
cgi.fix_pathinfo=0
参考来源[ ]
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