在CentOS系统上部署Redis集群可以提高Redis的可用性和性能。通过将Redis配置为集群模式,可以实现数据的分布式存储和负载均衡,从而更好地满足大规模应用的需求。本教程将介绍在CentOS系统上部署Redis集群的实践过程,包括配置集群、启动节点、启动集群等关键步骤。
一、简要说明
Redis5.0版是Redis产品的重大版本发布,推出了各种新特性,其中一点是放弃 Ruby的集群方式,改为使用 C语言编写的 redis-cli的方式,是集群的构建方式复杂度大大降低。关于集群的更新可以在 Redis5 的版本说明中看到,如下:
The cluster manager was ported from Ruby (redis-trib.rb) to C code inside redis-cli. check `redis-cli --cluster help ` for more info.
可以查看Redis官网查看集群搭建方式,连接如:https://redis.io/topics/cluster-tutorial。
- 集群中应该至少有三个节点,每个节点有一备份节点,需要6台服务器;
- 如果条件有限,可以搭建伪分布式,以下步骤是在一台 Linux 服务器上搭建有6个节点的 Redis集群。
二、创建集群步骤
1、创建目录
mkdir /usr/local/redis-cluster
2、下载源码并解压编译
#wget http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-5.0.0.tar.gz #tar xzf redis-5.0.0.tar.gz #cd redis-5.0.0 #make #make install PREFIX=/usr/local/redis
安装无报错,执行make test命令测试下:
#make test
三、创建6个Redis配置文件
6个配置文件不能在同一个目录,此处我们定义如下:
/root/software/redis/redis-cluster-conf/7001/redis.conf /root/software/redis/redis-cluster-conf/7002/redis.conf /root/software/redis/redis-cluster-conf/7003/redis.conf /root/software/redis/redis-cluster-conf/7004/redis.conf /root/software/redis/redis-cluster-conf/7005/redis.conf /root/software/redis/redis-cluster-conf/7006/redis.conf
一些操作命令仅供参考:
cp redis.conf /usr/local/redis/bin cd /usr/local/redis/ cp -r bin ../redis-cluster/redis01 cd /usr/local/redis-cluster/redis01 rm dump.rdb #删除快照 vim redis.conf
配置文件的内容为:
port 7001 #端口 cluster-enabled yes #启用集群模式 cluster-config-file nodes.conf cluster-node-timeout 5000 #超时时间 appendonly yes daemonize yes #后台运行 protected-mode no #非保护模式 pidfile /var/run/redis_7001.pid bind 61.132.227.16 #127.0.0.1改为本机ip地址,可用ifconfig查看ip
其中 port 和 pidfile 需要随着 文件夹的不同调增。
创建剩余5个实例:
[root@master redis-cluster]# cp -r redis01/ redis02 [root@master redis-cluster]# cp -r redis01/ redis03 [root@master redis-cluster]# cp -r redis01/ redis04 [root@master redis-cluster]# cp -r redis01/ redis05 [root@master redis-cluster]# cp -r redis01/ redis06
分别修改redis02 ~ redis06 的 redis.conf下的port 和 pidfile
四、启动节点
分别进入redis01、redis02、…redis06目录,执行:
./redis-server ./redis.conf
创建一个批处理文件,同时启动着六个Redis:
vim startall.sh
添加如下内容:
cd redis01 ./redis-server redis.conf cd .. cd redis02 ./redis-server redis.conf cd .. cd redis03 ./redis-server redis.conf cd .. cd redis04 ./redis-server redis.conf cd .. cd redis05 ./redis-server redis.conf cd .. cd redis06 ./redis-server redis.conf cd ..
然后执行chmod u+x start-all.sh将start-all.sh变成可执行文件。
在当前目录下启动:
./startall.sh
查看:
ps aux|grep redis
五、启动集群
因为我们使用的5.0.0的版本的Redis搭建的集群只需要把编译后的redis目录中的这个redis-cli文件拷贝到redis-cluster目录过来即可。(Redis版本5.0以后都是用C语言直接启动)
/usr/local/redis-cluster/redis-cli --cluster create 61.132.227.16:7001 61.132.227.16:7002 61.132.227.16:7003 61.132.227.16:7004 61.132.227.16:7005 61.132.227.16:7006 --cluster-replicas 1
启动后,可看到成功信息,如下:
[root@localhost redis-cluster]# /usr/local/redis-cluster/redis-cli --cluster create 61.132.227.16:7001 61.132.227.16:7002 61.132.227.16:7003 61.132.227.16:7004 61.132.227.16:7005 61.132.227.16:7006 --cluster-replicas 1 >>> Performing hash slots allocation on 6 nodes... Master[0] -> Slots 0 - 5460 Master[1] -> Slots 5461 - 10922 Master[2] -> Slots 10923 - 16383 Adding replica 61.132.227.16:7004 to 61.132.227.16:7001 Adding replica 61.132.227.16:7005 to 61.132.227.16:7002 Adding replica 61.132.227.16:7006 to 61.132.227.16:7003 >>> Trying to optimize slaves allocation for anti-affinity [WARNING] Some slaves are in the same host as their master M: 057fdf576d1ddaa87604c4c3aaf172f2d281a869 61.132.227.16:7001 slots:[0-5460] (5461 slots) master M: 326dbd2094f351b15ab63f1c5d55353e160a4fdf 61.132.227.16:7002 slots:[5461-10922] (5462 slots) master M: dac17acf82833efc7d9ca85c3dcb1a5d8822de13 61.132.227.16:7003 slots:[10923-16383] (5461 slots) master S: 7bfd90361c2da58c8bb6c104274896ff969930a1 61.132.227.16:7004 replicates 326dbd2094f351b15ab63f1c5d55353e160a4fdf S: a36100c9b6f6aba00906aa8566dc8e558351e687 61.132.227.16:7005 replicates dac17acf82833efc7d9ca85c3dcb1a5d8822de13 S: aa336483815035a2472a317cb8118c7340fa91bb 61.132.227.16:7006 replicates 057fdf576d1ddaa87604c4c3aaf172f2d281a869
输入yes:
Can I set the above configuration? (type 'yes' to accept): yes >>> Nodes configuration updated >>> Assign a different config epoch to each node >>> Sending CLUSTER MEET messages to join the cluster Waiting for the cluster to join ... >>> Performing Cluster Check (using node 61.132.227.16:7001) M: 057fdf576d1ddaa87604c4c3aaf172f2d281a869 61.132.227.16:7001 slots:[0-5460] (5461 slots) master 1 additional replica(s) S: 7bfd90361c2da58c8bb6c104274896ff969930a1 61.132.227.16:7004 slots: (0 slots) slave replicates 326dbd2094f351b15ab63f1c5d55353e160a4fdf S: aa336483815035a2472a317cb8118c7340fa91bb 61.132.227.16:7006 slots: (0 slots) slave replicates 057fdf576d1ddaa87604c4c3aaf172f2d281a869 M: dac17acf82833efc7d9ca85c3dcb1a5d8822de13 61.132.227.16:7003 slots:[10923-16383] (5461 slots) master 1 additional replica(s) S: a36100c9b6f6aba00906aa8566dc8e558351e687 61.132.227.16:7005 slots: (0 slots) slave replicates dac17acf82833efc7d9ca85c3dcb1a5d8822de13 M: 326dbd2094f351b15ab63f1c5d55353e160a4fdf 61.132.227.16:7002 slots:[5461-10922] (5462 slots) master 1 additional replica(s) [OK] All nodes agree about slots configuration. >>> Check for open slots... >>> Check slots coverage... [OK] All 16384 slots covered. [root@localhost redis-cluster]#
至此,Reids5 集群通过命令形式搭建完成。
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